The Importance of Being Ernest by Oscar Wilde

Presentation Realism in the visual expressions stresses on the target portrayal of the real world and precision, where theater and dramatization are significant segments. To accomplish authenticity in plays, dramatists endeavor to introduce genuine individuals encountering showdowns with the physical and philosophical challenges where they will in general become casualties of powers past their control.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The Importance of Being Ernest by Oscar Wilde explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Like the normal individual, the characters in pragmatist plays scarcely show up at answers for their particular quandaries. Be that as it may, individuals look at authenticity as a dead practice in expressions of the human experience since, as most dramatists contend, it meddles with the tasteful nature of the work with individuals like Vivian announcing it a total disappointment. Truth be told, the case is valid and direct as Oscar Wilde uncovers. Authenticity: A Complete Failure Oscar Wilde doesn't perceive authenticity, as a strategy worth holding dear as done by the vast majority of the scholars of his occasions, on the grounds that as indicated by him, it is close to an absolute disappointment. In his satire, â€Å"The Importance of being Earnest†, he investigates extensively genuine topics, for example, marriage in an impressively misrepresented way. Most pundits of this work hence consider the play as completely unimportant and shallow. The pundits contend that, in view of the way in which Wilde investigates the intricate viewpoint marriage, one can just arrive at it after taking care of the work in a reasonable way. This causes the crowd to remove themselves from the happenings in the play in that they to think about it as simple diversion. There are a few occasions in the play where Wilde purposely disregards authenticity in the way he portrays the association between the characters, their exch ange, and their activities since it doesn't work as indicated by him. The initial scene of the play ‘The Importance of Being Earnest†, the peruser is acquainted with profoundly adapted, overstated and ridiculous world .The characters in this scene too a s others all through the play are not genuine characters in that they appear to worriless about what they state. They are there strict builds made to convey the lines. Initially, there appears to bring a logical inconsistency up in the occasion where Earnest Worthing needs to take a cucumber however his host Algernon censures it. Algernon constantly asserts that he has requested the cucumbers explicitly for Lady Blacknell simultaneously eating them. He has the reason that he is in a situation to eat the sandwiches since they have a place with his auntie. Algernon proposes that Jack eat the bread and butter requested for Gwendolen. At the point when he sets out on it with energy, Algernon stops him again blaming him for no w carrying on as though effectively wedded to Gwendolen. This makes is generally challenged by pundits of food being a reason for social conflicts.Advertising Looking for article on american writing? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The way that Algernon professes to have gotten his proof about jack having been having a twofold existence by taking a gander at a cigarette case is very silly undoubtedly. The depiction of Cecily is that of a youthful blameless young lady in the nation ranch whom jack is disparaging, the inquiry here emerges on how the young lady needed to keep in touch with his uncle on a cigarette case. This is a purposeful creation shaped by Wilde to connect with the part of jack being having a twofold existence. Truth be told, taking into account that Algernon has referred to jack as Earnest for quite a long time, it beats rationale to communicate it in authenticity how jack concedes so effectively and admit s his genuine personality. The possibility of a man not knowing where his closest companion dwells following quite a while of having realized him is silly and ridiculous. So as to make the play intriguing Wilde needs to forfeit the part of authenticity. The entire thought of the name of an accomplice being a significant determinant in picking a marriage accomplice is totally senseless in the way that it adventitiously matters to two unique ladies in various conditions who fall for a man in light of his name. For a pragmatist, this is a just built occurrence to have the plot of the play moving. The two ladies with their disparities partner the name ‘Earnest’ with certainty by saying that, â€Å"it rouses outright confidence†. In the scene where lady Blacknel is talking with Jack to rate his qualification as a possible child in law, the inquiries that the lady pose are totally random to the current setting. Oscar Wilde appears to have this character to imply the Br itish upper class’s oppressive nature. The lady appears in over the top control of who ought to wed her little girl than the young lady herself. Her language is mocking and uninterested, which is normal for the unrealism contained in the entire play. Wilde represents that being increasingly worried about authenticity ties the playwrights’ turns in communicating major issues in the general public in an intriguing way. Woman Blacknel is loaded with logical inconsistencies, which appear to be for the most part purposeful to make humor. She tells jack, â€Å"To lose one parent, Worthing, might be viewed as a disaster; to lose the two looks like carelessness.† This comment draws its amusingness from the way that it is just crazy and capricious. One can't consider this the case the extent that reasonable portrayal of life remains in that lone reality with regards to the occasions have a potential for success to show up in records. For example, she tells Jack, â€Å"L and has stopped to be either a benefit or a pleasure†. Later she repudiates herself and praises when he uncovers to her that he has a nation house. She says, â€Å"A nation house!† this uncovers she is a variable character made by Wilde to parody the upper class.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on The Importance of Being Ernest by Oscar Wilde explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is through fortuitous events that shape the way, wherein the characters in this play connect with one another. This makes the progression of the play so unsurprising that the crowd can figure effortlessly what will follow straightaway. Truth be told, each experience in the play is a developed incident by the essayist to move the plot further. This misses the mark regarding the portrayal of reality that is the significant motivation to the pragmatists. The scene where Jack proposes to Gwendolen uncovers the purposeful opposing of the authenticity held during th e occasions when this play’s organization. Jack stammers while the lady Gwendolen assumes responsibility valiantly. Wilde needs to purposely modify and incite the reexamining of the suspicions that molded the truth of sexual orientation jobs in the Victorian time. The possibility of insidiousness intrigues Cecily and it is through this that she falls head over heels in adoration with the character Earnest whom jack makes and never exists in the genuine sense. She even anticipates meeting a mischievous individual. This is a minor build considering all the terrible properties connect with insidiousness. The traits are normal for the scoundrels in the sensible exhibitions. Wilde communicates disappointment of authenticity in this specific play in the way of playing a few issues that considered as profound not at all like different cases in â€Å"The significance of Being Earnest†. For example, the issue of death in the play stands apart as a straightforward thing that has no weight at all. This stands apart first through lady Blacknel’s comment that having lost two guardians adds up to recklessness with respect to the person in question. In another scene jack comes in to declare to Cecily that the imaginary character Earnest is dead. This easygoing quality flops in authenticity in that an individual can't lie about the passing of another without the dread of giving evidence on the issue. Jack has just his Victorian grieving formal attire as his solitary evidence of the passing of his sibling. This depicts the shallowness spoke to by Wilde in the play. End In as much as authenticity is a technique accepted and applied by many, Wilde announces it an all out disappointment dependent on his outlines. It meddles with the nature of works in the scholarly fills in as proposed specialists who guarantee that authenticity doesn't hold but instead meddles with the rationale behind the significance of expressions of the human experience in the general pu blic. Delineation of genuine characters managing main problems causes the crowd to distinguish themselves with the characters introduced just as the issues tended to in the exhibitions. Oscar Wilde and others in his way of thinking advocates for the delight in plays and abstract works for what they are, yet not founded on their impact in the general public. This is the possibility of ‘art for art’s sake’ where individuals need to see authenticity, not as an unfortunate obligation however as an end in itself.Advertising Searching for paper on american writing? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More This exposition on The Importance of Being Ernest by Oscar Wilde was composed and presented by client Taryn Briggs to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Global Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Worldwide Leadership - Essay Example Further, the analysis proffered ramifications of the pattern to Western nations and a distinguishing proof for reasons for concern. Reference was made to Ghemawat and Hout’s (2008) article entitled â€Å"Tomorrow’s Global Giants: Not the Usual Suspects† to construe the potential dangers China and India could dispense in contemporary worldwide organizations. The should be cautious and to get ready to pull together worldwide methodologies is prescribed to address looming worldwide administration of these monsters later on. â€Å"China and India: Contest of the Century† The article from The Economist entitled â€Å"China and India: Contest of the Century† at first made reference to worldwide forces of the nineteenth century as fixated on three unmistakable countries: America, Japan, and Germany, after the British Empire had a lot of prevalence in politically influential nation. The article accordingly featured China and India at the inside stage, as de veloping worldwide mammoths in the 21st century. The method of reasoning for these two countries’ worldwide unmistakable quality lies in different components, indeed: the populace and the geographic size, among others, classifying them as mainlands.

nth Annual Concert in Bad Taste

nth Annual Concert in Bad Taste What happens when you pack hundreds of students armed with paper airplanes and toilet paper into a lecture hall? Well, it starts with one airplane. Then maybe two. Then sooner or later, people forego folding the paper airplanes and just start throwing paper into the air and catapulting toilet paper across 10-250. Why in the world would someone do such a thing? Well, thats a good question. Each year, the MIT Chorollaries host the nth annual concert in Bad Taste. Basically, they make fun of everything under the sun from the past year, and I bet if you Google hard enough, you can find a list of the topics that they made fun of (all in jest, of course). On top of arranging their own renditions of famous artists songs such as Natasha Bedingfields Unwritten, at this concert, they replaced the lyrics with their own. My favorite would have to be the song dedicated to Facebook, which is probably the reasons I get less sleep than I should. And since I think pictures are worth a thousand words, here are a few from the concert and the pre-festivities: (Pictures coming soon)

Essay on Why the Us Should Have Dropped the Atomic Bombs...

Should the USA have used the atomic bomb on Japan in 1945? 1945 began as a year of increasing tensions between countries as the war extended onto its sixth year. Military groups of the various countries involved were now beginning to seriously consider the conclusion of the war in terms of how the global ceasefire would be carried out and frankly, who would win. After the defeat of the Axis Powers in Europe, the focus had been turned towards the war in Asia and the Pacific Regions in which the Allied Forces of Great Britain, Australia and the USA were in conflict with the Axis power of Japan and her partners. Following the urge to end the war, the ‘Big Three’ made up of the three leaders of the major Allied Forces; Churchill, Stalin and†¦show more content†¦It was predicted that the invasion of the Japanese mainland at the Island of Kyushu, scheduled for November of 1945, would be even worse. The entire Japanese military and civilian population would fight to the death. American casualties for just the initial invasion to get a foothold on the island of Japan would have taken up to an estimated two months and would have resulted in up to 75,000 to 100,000 casualties and potentially up to 20,000 dead. And that was just to secure the beginning of the invasion. If we were to go ahead with the plans for a conventional invasion with ground and naval forces, I believe the Japanese thought that they could inflict very heavy casualties on us and possibly as a result get better surrender terms.† said General Carl Spaatz who was in charge of the Air Force operations in the Pacific. He expresses in his words that he strongly believes that the Japanese knew they had a good chance of overcoming this invasion due to their potential to cause mass destruction in terms of outnumbering the American troops. Thus, due to the undesirable costs the alternative of invasion presented, the USA was justified in using the atomic bomb on Japan as the more ideal alternative. After the dropping of the second bomb on Nagasaki on August 9 1945, Emperor Hirohito announced the surrender ofShow MoreRelatedA Closer Look at the Bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki1485 Words   |  6 PagesTwo atomic bombs were dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima, and three days later, August 9, 1945, on Nagasaki that ended World War II. Japan had already been a defeated nation from conventional bombs and World War II. Many innocent lives were lost, psychological scars were left on the lives of the bomb survivors, and thus many lives were changed forever. The atomic bombings caused many people to have genetic effects due to the radiation from the bombs. Revisionists have said the US usedRead MoreEssay On The Atomic Bomb910 Words   |  4 PagesIt has been just over seven decades since the destructive atomic bombs were dropped on Japan. These bombs were the first of its kind-weapons of mass destruction. There are many points-of-view or opinions about whether or not the b ombs should have been used. As always there are two sides to each story; those who are for a cause and those who are against. In this paper, I will discuss the two opposing points-of-view, as well as my own opinion on which argument I find most compelling. During WorldRead MoreWas Bombing Hiroshima and Nagasaki Necessary to End World War 2?1650 Words   |  7 Pagesthe time period when Franklin D. Roosevelt was in office, it was during WWII. Japan attacked the U.S. on Dec. 7, 1941 and was known as Pearl Harbor. When that happened, Roosevelt did not hesitate to ask Congress to officially declare war on Japan. During the war, there was a proposal of an atomic bomb landing over Hiroshima and Nagasaki to finalize the war. 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Just like when the United States Air Force dropped the Atomic bombRead MoreWorld War Two and the Atomic Bomb Essay739 Words   |  3 PagesWorld War Two and the Atomic Bomb World War II is one of the most historic points in the history of the world. The war was by far the most devastating in the history of the world. There were many controversial actions during the war, but one of the biggest was the decision by the United States to drop atomic bombs. The atomic bomb should have been used to end the war because it saved more lives than continuing the war. The official bombing order was signed on July 25, 1945, by ThosRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki1422 Words   |  6 PagesThis is how survivors of the nuclear bombs dropped on the Japanese cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki described the attack. This killing of civilians was definitely one of the biggest war crimes in human history. The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were unnecessary and unjustified, because the war was basically over, the Russians were marching in anyways and it is an inhumane thing to do. On August 6th and August 9th 1945 the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities Hiroshima andRead MoreThe Atomic Bomb Is It Really Justified?1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe Atomic Bomb, was it really justified? On August 6, 1945, after forty-four months of increasingly brutal fighting in the Pacific, an American B-29 bomber loaded with a devastating new weapon flew in the sky over Hiroshima, Japan waiting for a signal. Minutes later the signal was given, that new weapon, the atomic bomb, was released. Its enormous destructive energy detonated in the sky, killing one hundred thousand Japanese civilians instantly. Three days later, on August 9, 1945, the UnitedRead MoreUnwarranted Atomic Catastrophe Essay918 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States launched two atomic bombs that killed hundreds of thousands of civilians in Japan. The question at hand is if the usage of such devastating atomic bombs necessary. Over the years historians have argued whether or not the usage of the bombs was necessary, and if it was ethical (Kriger 1). Dropping the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were unnecessary acts of terrorism. There are four reasons as to why the United States’ attack on two major cities in Japan was immoral, unjust and

Original Writing Make Room - 835 Words

Make Room! â€Å"Year 2011, in July, two weeks before the eviction I went room hunting. I found a nice room in a good neighborhood on Craigslist. I talked with the owner who appeared to be a nice person. He owned two homes, one of which he rented. I moved to a wonderful location in Maryland. The owner did not live at the house. I went to look at the house I liked what I saw. I was ready to board. The owner met me at the house to tell me the person there before me will move out by August 5th. I had to move into the owner house with his family. Nice people but strange spirits. Two weeks later after staying at the house of the owner it was time for me to move to the house. After staying in the house for six weeks, around the second week of August I became unemployed. If we profess Jesus is Lord over our life then we must consult Jesus and include him in everything we do and for every decision we make in life. I moved into the room, seeing deer’s in the back yard, sometimes laying on, or c rossing the front lawn (wonderful). I was experiencing a view that I someday enjoy living. I enjoyed the view of the neighborhood, new appliances, a spacious house, new washing machine, dryer and a quiet house during the day. I was not pleased. I could read my bible, but couldn’t pray the way I wanted too. Reading the word of God and prayer works together. (Galatians 6:8: for he that sow to his flesh shall of the flesh reap corruption, but he that sow to the spirit shall of the spirit reap lifeShow MoreRelatedWomen Need a Place to Write in Woolfs Essay, A Room of Ones Own540 Words   |  3 PagesA room of one’s own is based in the format of a lecture at a women’s college on the topic of women and fiction. Woolf bases her essay around the thesis that â€Å"women need money and a room of their own in order to write fiction†. Characters such as Mary Beton, Mary Carmichael, and Mary Seton are used as imaginary narrators, whom of which are grappling the same topic as Woolf. The narrator uses Oxbridge and various libraries to reflect on different educational experiences available to men and women.Read MoreWhat Is The Adaptation Of Tartuffe1155 Words   |  5 PagesTexas by Gerald Murphy one captures Moliere’s intention best. Moliere’s intention was to portray Tartuffe as a hypocrite with a perverted sexual appetite. Thomas’s adaptation, Tartuffe: Born Again best obtains the original intent of the author through characterization, dialogue, and writing style. The audience first meets Tartuffe when he comes into the house, easily distracted by Dorine. Moliere shows the audience of Tartuffe’ sexual desire. In Act 3, Scene 2, Tartuffe is so distracted by DorineRead MorePersonal Experience In English Class1572 Words   |  7 Pagesmyself with an A on any of my papers. Until I encountered Mr. Thompson and Ms. Marquez, the people who showed me that my success could only be accomplished by hard work and honesty. I felt the pressure build up inside me when my teacher assigned six original poems for the semester final. I panicked. The project was worth half my grade and I immediately thought I would fail the class. Instead of taking the risk I did the unspeakable, I went online and copied six poems changing some words and calling themRead MoreThey Say I Say, By Gerald Graff, Cathy Birkenstein, And Russel Durst1266 Words   |  6 PagesGerald Graff, Cathy Birkenstein, and Russel Durst outline strategies writers can use to avoid common mistakes often seen in academic writing. The book thoroughly outlines the different components that make up academic writing, such as initially summarizing what others have said before, responding with original ideas, proving a purpose to the writing, and connecting the writing in a logical and eloquent manner. The first part of They Say I Say focuses on how to properly introduce what others are sayingRead MorePersuasions Two Alternate Love Endings981 Words   |  4 Pagesare different based on the writing style. These conclusions differ in the sense that the conclusion that Austen has Wentworth writing Anne a letter confessing his love in the book, yet in the alternate conclusion Wentworth and Anne confess their love for each other in person. The published version of the ending, the better of the two, expresses Captain Wentworth’s true personality, as it was shown throughout the novel. After Captain Wentworth finished writing his letter to Captain BenwickRead MoreThe Paper Is Centered On The Discussion Of The New Testament1657 Words   |  7 Pagesto determine, not just who the author is, but to whom is the author speaking too? The letter or epistle, what unique style shows that the author is original or a pseudo author writing in the same style as the original author. Any similarities of the writing style and content and or context will also identify the author. The main style of writing that will be discussed, can be classified as the Hellenistic style that was prevalent during the time of Christ. This style consisted of three mainRead MoreCompare And Contrast The Writing Process Of Annie Dillard And Stephen King1050 Words   |  5 Pagestheir writing. Whether they describe it as a form of telepathy like the distinguished author, Stephen King, or as a painting like the renowned author, Annie Dillard, an abundance of writers can compare their process of writing to something. Even I have some way to describe my writing, I believe it is like being an architect creating marvelous building and cities made of words. 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But what does it mean ‘to paraphrase’? According to the MacMillan English Dictionary (MacMillan, 2012:online), to paraphrase is â€Å"to express what someone else has said or written using different words, especially in order to make it shorter or clearer.† When you paraphraseRead MoreReflection Of Personal Writing : My Definition Of Writing884 Words   |  4 Pagessit in my room, using my laptop, trying to think of the progression that I made so far during this year in terms of writing. I can say that the journey that I have come across is not easy. I started from the bottom and I feel like I am somewhere in the middle, not quite at the top, yet. Nevertheless, I am satisfied with my current state. I believe that there is only one room for me, wh ich is a room for improvement. Compare to the start the start of the semester, I am a lot better at writing now, especially

Why Do I Want to Teach Free Essays

I was born and raised in the Bronx, New York. I attended NYC Public School 77, JHS 127 Alfred E Smith Technical Vocational HS. The Glee Club under the direction of Edna Floyd was my first step in to the world of music. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do I Want to Teach or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was in elementary school, that I received valuable training in singing as well as music theory and history. I marched in the drum line as a member of the New York Lancers Jr. Drum Bugle Corps based in the Bronx where many of my instructors where themselves, public school educators. After 3 years with the Lancers, I decided to Audition for the Garfield Cadets, a drum corps from Garfield, NJ. Garfield competed on a national level where the competition level was very high. We captured the world championship title four out of six years as a marching member and one of two years as an instructor. We won the best percussion trophy twice scoring a perfect score for one of the wins. It was at Garfield where I began to develop very valuable teaching skills under the direction and guidance of some of the best educators in the activity. I have taught many young people in various places of different ages, races and economic position. Young people want to be challenged and they love to develop skills they never knew they had. Most of all, they love to play music. The benefits conveyed by music education can be grouped in four categories: * Success in society * Success in school * Success in developing intelligence * Success in life I can teach train your percussion ensemble if one already exist, or we can start one up, either way the students get great training and information but most of all we have fun. We can have the group training culminate with a recital where the musicians get to perform live. Students learn a combination of marching and hand percussion techniques. It’s fun for those looking for a musical outlet as well as those who desire to study music in college. I believe that music education is a very important element to the development of a young mind. Scientific evidence proves that an education in the arts makes for better math and science students and enhances spatial intelligence. How to cite Why Do I Want to Teach, Essay examples

Goals And Dreams Essay Example For Students

Goals And Dreams Essay DreamsTheories attempting to explain the origin and functions of REM sleepinclude: (1) that REM sleep provides stimulation for the development of thebrain; (2) that it performs a chemical restoration function, since during REMdreaming neuro-protein synthesis occurs along with the restoration of otherdepleted brain chemicals; (3) that it provides oculomotor (eye movement)coordination, since during non-REM sleep the eyes move independently of eachother; (4) that it provides a vigilance function, since REM sleep (stage I) ischaracterized by a level of consciousness close to the awakened state; (5) in amore recent and controversial theory, REM dreaming performs a neurologicalerasure function, eliminating extraneous information build-up in the memorysystem; and (6) that, in a more cognitive psychological explanation, REMdreaming enhances memory storage and reorganization. Contrary to popular belief, dreaming is not caused by eating certainfoods before bedtime, nor by environmental stimuli during sleeping. Dreaming iscaused by internal biological process. Some researchers have proposed theactivation-synthesis hypothesis. Their neurological research indicates thatlarge brain cells in the primitive brain stem spontaneously fire about every 90minutes, sending random stimuli to cortical areas of the BRAIN. As aconsequence, memory, sensory, muscle-control, and cognitive areas of the brainare randomly stimulated, resulting in the higher cortical brain attempting tomake some sense of it. This, according to the research, gives rise to theexperience of a dream. Now, as in the past, the most significant controversycenters on the question of whether dreams have intentional, or actual personal,meaning. Many psychotherapists maintain that while the neurological impulsesfrom the brain stem may activate the dreaming process, the content or meaningfulrepresentations i n dreams are caused by nonconscious needs, wishes, desires, andeveryday concerns of the dreamer. Thus, such psychotherapists subscribe to thephenomenological-clinical, or top-down, explanation, which holds that dreamsare intentionally meaningful messages from the unconscious. The neurological,or bottom-up, explanation maintains that dreams have no intentional meaning. In between these two positions is an approach called content analysis. Contentanalysis simply describes and classifies the various representations in dreams,such as people, houses, cars, trees, animals, and color, though no deepinterpretation is attributed to the content. Differences in content have beendiscovered between the dreams of males and females, and between dreams andoccurring in different developmental stages of life. What these differencesmean is under investigation. Some recent research seems to indicate that dream content reflectsproblems that the dreamer experiences in life, and that the function of suchdreams is to facilitate the emotional resolution of the problems. Numerousaccounts exist of scientific problems being resolved, and literary works beingdeveloped in dreams after dreamers had consciously immersed themselves in aproblem for an extended time. Cognitive psychologists are concerned with logic and thought processingduring dreaming, and how they are different from mental processes during thewaking state. In studies of the developmental cognitive processes of childrensdreams, for instance, it has been found that the increasing complexity ofchildrens dreams parallel waking cognitive development. Many researchersbelieve that knowledge about dreaming is important for understanding wakingimagination. Current and future research issues involve further establishing andextending all of the above areas. Anthropologists are studying cross-culturesimilarities and differences in dreams. Research into NIGHTMARES and bizarredreams continues. In addition, REM research is important for understandingpsychobiological abnormalities. Some findings indicate that epileptic seizuresare suppressed during REM sleep. Narcoleptics, people who may involuntarily fallasleep at any time, enter REM sleep almost immediately. Research continues onthe variations in dream recall. For instance, artists tend to recall moredreams than scientists, and, for the population at large, only a smallpercentage of dreams are recalled. Lucid dreaming, the ability of dreamers tobecome aware of and to control their dreams while dreaming, is also the focus ofsome current research. Some lucid dreamers can learn to communicate withresearchers through nonverbal signals. New research also promises to yieldsignificant knowledge ab out memory, storage and retrieval, cognitiveorganization, psychobiological processes, human consciousness, and specificoperations of the mind Science

Aviation Professionalism Essays

Aviation Professionalism Essays Aviation Professionalism Essay Aviation Professionalism Essay Aviation Professionalism The Qualifications, Attributes, Ethics, and Responsibilities of Aviation Professionals Yadvinder Singh ASCI – 202 Anthony Miller March 7, 2013 Once someone joins the Airlines industry as a professional, be it a pilot, a technician, or an air traffic controller, they are committing to a certain level of responsibility and expectation. In my experience I have come across professionals who I have felt suited their role to near perfection while others in the same position at times fall short of basic expectations. The issue of professionalism and responsibility in the airline industry has been in focus recently due to some recent events like the Northwest pilots flying past their destination airport, in-flight breakdowns and rants by pilots and flight attendants, and airline mergers. I feel that sometimes media speculation exaggerates the issues presented to society and highlights mistakes where the public gets the impression that these types of incidents and errors are taking place daily. The reality is that safety measures are an integral part of an airline worker’s training and major errors or incidents occur rather infrequently. At the same time, another reality is that a mistake made by an airline employee, whether pilot, technician, or air traffic controller runs the risk of being fatal and this is where the attributes and ethics of an individual come into play. Pilots are required to complete extensive training and log thousands of hours of flight time before they can land a job with the major carriers, so I feel the qualifications alone can be met by many but perhaps there needs to be some sort of training or measure of ethical behavior of an individual because that can help determine how they will treat the level of responsibility associated with their job. Most flights complete their course without incident and this can naturally cause someone to relax their mind or reflexes a little, but no flight should be treated with any negligence whatsoever. The incident with the Northwest flight (NY Times 2009) crew is an ideal example of this. The pilots had a combined flying experience of over 30,000 hours, yet they committed an error that resulted in a major embarrassment and which could have cost lives. The main cause cited for this blunder is that the pilots were distracted during flight because they were engaged in personal matters on their laptops, which is a violation of airline safety guidelines. Is the root reason for this incident just poor judgment and misbehavior of the pilots or perhaps not enough emphasis on responsibility in their training? The hundreds of hours of flight time required to be a pilot come with a hefty price, so anyone who is a pilot has surely proven their passion and persistence for flying. However, it’s a wonder that this same dedication doesn’t follow through for some once they’ve landed a job with a major carrier and I think it may be because the path is often so strenuous that getting a job itself is treated as the goal, when it actually is a stepping stone to really being a pilot. Air traffic controllers have also been in the news recently with incidents of suspicion that they are distracted and even sleeping on the job (USA Today, 2011). Here is a profession where mistakes are simply not allowed because the repercussions can very likely be fatal. I think there has to be a close monitoring of on the job behavior because the job itself runs the risk of complacency. It’s important to note that fatal incidents have been few and far between, but the risk is still great enough to warrant better oversight. A person who works as an air traffic controller needs to be one who is naturally very focused and detail oriented because the rules, the risks, the guidelines and need to be responsible and focused can be taught, but ultimately, this is behavior they have to showcase. Technicians are a group of people I’ve had several years of close working experience with as both a former technician and in my current role of Inspector. Unfortunately, the current crop of technicians are a group I find to be well intentioned, but without enough working experience as they’re often straight out of high school. This doesn’t mean they don’t possess the necessary attributes or approach to be successful and responsible technicians, because these are often the deciding factors but I think there needs to be more training and understanding of the great deal of responsibility they are taking on as technicians. Professionalism to me is a good mix of knowledge, a candid commitment to ones job, the disciplined passion, and the ability to make proper but sound judgments. To put it into simple terms Professionalism simply means doing the right thing, even when you have had a long day and also when you are not in some spotlight. Whether you are a pilot, a technician, or an air traffic controller or any employee in the aviation profession these attributes or qualities have to be considered in taking the professional approach in today’s aviation profession. Matthew L. Wald (2009, Oct 26). Off-Course Pilots Cite Computer Distraction. NY Times. Retrieved October 26, 2002 from nytimes. com/2009/10/27/us/27plane. html? _r=0 Alan Levin (2011, Apr 21). Recent air controller incidents no signs of crisis, experts say. Us Today. Retrieved April 21, 2011 from http://travel. usatoday. com/flights/story/2011/04/Recent-air-controller-incidents-no-sign-of-crisis-experts-say/46338056/1

Free Essays on Supreme Court Decisions

Jon Hartman USHG per 5 January 7th 2003- Supreme Court Cases 1. 1803 Marbury vs. Madison Constituional Principle: Seperation of powers; the judiciary Backround: For political reasons, Jefferson and secretary of state James Madison refused to allow William Marbury, one of the â€Å"midnight judges†, to take office as the District of Columbia’s justice of the peace. Marbury appealed to the Supreme Court to force the Jefferson administration to allow him to serve his appoinment. Decision: The Court decided that Marbury’s request for a writ of mandamus was based on a law passed by Congress that the Court held to be unconstitutional. The Court decided unanimously that the federal law contradicted the Constitution, and since the Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land, it must reign supreme. Through this case, Chief Justice John Marshall established the power of judicial review: the power of the Court not only to interpret the constitutionality of a law or statute but also to carry out the process and enforce its decision. Importance: Established the Supreme Court’s right to judicial review; stregthened the judiciary in relation to other braches of government. 2. 1819-McCulloch vs Maryland Constitutional Principle: Federalism; National power; the judiciary Backround: The state of Maryland brought an action against James William McCulloch, a cashier in the Maryland branch of the Bank of the United States, for not paying a tax the state had imposed on the United States Bank. Decision: In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the â€Å"power to tax involves the power to destroy,† and that the federal government’s national bank was immune to state taxation. The Court reasoned that Congress could set up a United States Bank and write laws â€Å"necessary and proper† to carry out its constitutional power to coin and regulate money. Importance: The Federal government has only those p... Free Essays on Supreme Court Decisions Free Essays on Supreme Court Decisions Jon Hartman USHG per 5 January 7th 2003- Supreme Court Cases 1. 1803 Marbury vs. Madison Constituional Principle: Seperation of powers; the judiciary Backround: For political reasons, Jefferson and secretary of state James Madison refused to allow William Marbury, one of the â€Å"midnight judges†, to take office as the District of Columbia’s justice of the peace. Marbury appealed to the Supreme Court to force the Jefferson administration to allow him to serve his appoinment. Decision: The Court decided that Marbury’s request for a writ of mandamus was based on a law passed by Congress that the Court held to be unconstitutional. The Court decided unanimously that the federal law contradicted the Constitution, and since the Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land, it must reign supreme. Through this case, Chief Justice John Marshall established the power of judicial review: the power of the Court not only to interpret the constitutionality of a law or statute but also to carry out the process and enforce its decision. Importance: Established the Supreme Court’s right to judicial review; stregthened the judiciary in relation to other braches of government. 2. 1819-McCulloch vs Maryland Constitutional Principle: Federalism; National power; the judiciary Backround: The state of Maryland brought an action against James William McCulloch, a cashier in the Maryland branch of the Bank of the United States, for not paying a tax the state had imposed on the United States Bank. Decision: In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the â€Å"power to tax involves the power to destroy,† and that the federal government’s national bank was immune to state taxation. The Court reasoned that Congress could set up a United States Bank and write laws â€Å"necessary and proper† to carry out its constitutional power to coin and regulate money. Importance: The Federal government has only those p...

Dell Corpation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dell Corpation - Case Study Example (Gitman, 2007, 21) Dell alo introduce the latet relevant technology much more quickly than companie with low-moving, indirect ditribution channel, turning over inventory every three day on average. In 1985 the company tarted aembling it own PC brand. Ever ince, Dell had achieved phenomenal growth and by 2000 had topped $25 billion in ale and over $2 billion in net income. In late 2000, however, (erwer, 2005, 63) the PC indutry' average 30-year growth rate crahed to a negative 10% due to low economy. Dell Corp. had to make difficult deciion on how to utain it profitability in light of it broad product portfolio--PC, worktation, and erver on torage product for a broad cro-ection of cutomer in the United tate and worldwide. Dell' high return to hareholder ha been the reult of a focued effort over time to balance growth with profitability and liquidity. Dell ha conitently led it larget competitor in each of thoe categorie. The future for Dell and the ret of the computer indutry i haping up to be a fairly difficult one mainly due to the weak economy. But, Dell' economic problem are normal and hared by all companie in any indutry. What' not normal with Dell however, i it dilemma of how to maintain it leading poition over it competition and achieving ambitiou growth rate in an environment with which the economy i haped up to be wort than anticipated, due to it flat buine tructure, which make conumer kittih and pending down. Therefore, (Gitman, 2007, 21) in light of the above ituation, we believe that Dell could be facing a predicament of whether they hould maintain their trategic coure or fundamentally change it in order to achieve the targeted growth rate Dell' fortune do look better than it rival, though. Dell Computer' trategy wa built around a number of core element: build-to-order manufacturing, ma cutomization, partnerhip with fewer upplier, jut-in-time component inventorie, direct ale, market egmentation, cutomer ervice, market ening, early integration of the Internet, low operating cot, and extenive data and information haring with both upply partner and cutomer. Through thi trategy, the company hoped to achieve what Michael Dell called "virtual integration"--a titching together of Dell' buine with it upply partner and cutomer in real time uch that all three appeared to be part of the ame organizational team. (erwer, 2005, 63) upply Chain Efficiency: e-Buine i jut like any buine in at leat one repect: you have to maintain your edge. Whether reponding to a flood of new cutomer and product, or reducing cot while maintaining cutomer loyalty during period of economic decline, Dell believed that a more efficient upply chain would contribute ignificantly to it long-term ucce. By extending it build-to-order model all the way from material and component upplier to the cutomer, Dell could maximize both operational efficiency and cutomer atifaction while reponding immediately to change in the marketplace. The company' goal wa to integrate the upply and demand ide of the buine with the help of thi falt buine tructure in order to eliminate the guework that lead to inventory hortage and overage. Concluion Dell hould have a tranformational model intead of it traditional model which would penetrate aggreively the High-end erver market, Joint venture with

Was Che Guevara a true hero Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Was Che Guevara a true hero - Coursework Example Although a Gemini according to the birth certificate, that predicted a grayish character for him and his life to be of an uneventful kind, Che was in reality a Taurian who a strong and decisive character 1. The trip on La Poderosa Ernesto Che Guevara lived a comfortable life in Alta Gracia in his growing up years2. He was a medical student at the Buenos Aires University and already had travel experiences to many places in South America. He had a keen interest in exploring the land where he lived and had made a six weeks long tour on a bicycle enhanced by a motor. During this tour he got the opportunity to meet the common people of Latin America. At Cordoba Ernesto met his friend Alberto Guevara, who was a biochemist. Along the way Ernesto closely saw the lives of the lepers, the hospital patients and the suffering men and women of the country. The realization dawned upon him that a very big gap existed between the affluent class and the people living on the margins. In January 1952, when Ernesto was in his last semester of his medical studies, he along with his friend Alberto set out on a motorcycle tour. It was a six month long tour that was planned across the continent of South America. They had traveled across â€Å"Argentina, Chile, Peru, Columbia and Venezuala†3. ... At one place in the book The Motorcycle Diaries by Ernesto Guevara the author mentions the worst crash that they faced in whole expedition: â€Å"Alberto came out unscathed, but the cylinder trapped my foot and scorched it, leaving an unpleasant souvenir for a long time because the wound didn't heal†4. The motorcycle soon broke down and they continued with their journey by hitchhiking or on foot. In some places they also traveled on boat. Ernesto at times faced health problems due to serious asthma attacks and at such times they halted for Ernesto to recover at some hospital. Besides the two young men ran out of their stock of money and faced difficulties on the road. Yet they continued traveling and depended mostly upon the hospitality of the people they met on their way. Both Ernesto and his friend maintained diaries. The account of the incidents taking place that Ernesto kept in his diary later became the phenomenal book by the name The Motorcycle Diaries. This book is far from being the diary of a revolutionary famous by the name Che Guevara. The records give accounts of the first-hand experiences of a twenty-three year old medical student and exuberant observant with an eye for detail in his six month long journey with a twenty nine years old friend across thousands of miles. The transformation of Ernesto Guevara Guevara was since childhood a jovial person. In spite of his illness due to asthma, as a child he was always quite cheerful and displayed leadership qualities on playground in school. In parts of the year when he did not suffer from the disease he used to engage himself in sports like â€Å"soccer, table tennis and golf†5. He also practiced riding horseback, swimming, shooting and occasionally rock fighting. He always

Employee Turnover: Issues In Human Resources

Employee Turnover: Issues In Human Resources INTRODUCTION There has been a clear shift from the manufacturing to knowledge based industries in the last few decades across the world. Employee turnover has been one of the most broadly studied areas of interest due to its significance to labour in the knowledge based industries. Employee turnover is being treated as a critical issue in Human Resource perspective, as it can hurt the overall productivity and subsequently organisational success. A key problem for service based organisations has been attracting and retaining the high quality employees (Heskett at al, 2008). According to Hokey Min, (2007) employee turnover can generally be analyzed in the terms of demographic variables (for eg. gender, age, educational level), occupational variables (for eg. Skill level, experience, tenure, status), organisational variables (for eg. Firm size, industry, job contents, working environments) and individual variables (for eg. Pay scale, reward, advancement opportunity, job security, job involvement). D ifferent employees will have different variables affecting their jobs and these variable factors change overtime. And in some organisations employee turnover depends on persons suitability, like Autry and Daugherty (2003) as cited by Hokey Min (2007) suggested that person-organisation fit could significantly affect employee turnover, because employees whose expectations about their company and supervisor characteristics are unmet are more likely to live their companies. The recruitment of the talented and trained staff is the outmost importance today. However an important aspect is even more critical needed to be looked is the retention strategy for the current employees. If the organisation is not able to retain the trained staffs then there no means of recruiting the new staffs and training them. In this literature the researcher elaborates different theories and journals on voluntary employee turnover. According to CIPD (2000) as cited by Michael Armstrong (2003) Turnover may be a function of negative, low job satisfaction, combined with an ability to secure employment elsewhere, i.e. the state of the labour market. In other way, turnover is a normal part of organisational functioning, and while exceeding high turnover may be dysfunctional a certain level of turnover is to be expected and can be beneficial to an organization. A report from the Human Resource Benchmark Group cited in IRS, (2002a) as cited by Ian et al, (2004:167) has listed the top five factors affecting an employees decision to stay or leave an organisation as: The quality of the relationship with their supervisor or manager; An ability to balance work and home life; The amount of meaningful work they do-giving a feeling of making a difference; The level of co-operation with co-employee; The level of trust in the workplace. The existing literature review explores the employee turnover with a discussion of relevant theories, empirical study factors and the variable in this study, including intent of employees leaving, job satisfaction, organisational commitment and different reasons or factors effecting employees in turnover. The above literature was studied to know or understand the overall factors affecting employee turnover. In some cases it is reported that as much as 60 percent of all Call centres employees leave their jobs within one year of employment, costing thousands of dollars for replacing those departed employees Gooley (2001); Autry and Daugherty (2003) as cited by Hokey Min (2007). In contrast to the rich literature about employee turnover issues, research dealing with Dell employee turnover. The researcher is trying to obtain what key variable factors could affect in Dell employee turnover. TURNOVER AND ITS AFFECTS Turnover is defined by Price (1997.P15) as cited by Catherine(2002), the ratio of the number of organizational member who have left during the period being considered divided by the average number of people in that organization during the period. High turnover can be seen as synonymous with the employees of the specific company or occupational sector having a short organizational tenure when comparing to the other companies. If the organization cannot retain the employees then it will be more expensive for any organization, hence in understanding the causes behind the turnover has a significant importance in the saving and in the organizational success (Buck and Watson 2002).in a competitive business world the different wing of the organization adds competitive advantage hence the retention strategy for the companys human resource is of extreme important in gaining competitive advantage over the rivals (Pfeffer 2005). The resignation of the highly trained knowledge workers poses addi tional threat to the employees due to the fact that they often substantial knowledge in their fields creating a risk for loss of intellectual property (Lee and Maurer 1997). Shaw and Gupta(1998) has discussed the importance of differentiating the voluntary turnover and the non-voluntary turnover, in the later one the employee has no choice. Buck and Watson (2002) concluded that the main researches were done on the basis of finding the causes of employee decisions on turnover. The voluntary turnover is avoidable and controllable through different strategies putting together thus the organization can pay more attention in their regular operations thus gaining the competitive advantage. According to Griffeth (2000) one of the method of measuring the turnover risk to the organization is to measure the employees turnover intentions because it is most frequently recognized predictors of employee turnover. While many model on the turnover research predicts the intention as the direct antecedent of the turnover but there may still reason to find on the construct. Campbell and Allen (2007) said it is absurd to focus entirely on the predictors of turnover as it is not comparable to focusing on the actual turnover behavior, a casual relationships may exist directly between the other antecedents and turnover. It is found in their research is that the turnover behavior is directly related to the several aspects, Supporting their argument that it may be important to include not only the measure of turnover intention but also the actual turnover behaviors. Steers and Mowday(1981) suggested a model of the processes leading to the voluntary turnover that although somewhat dated make an excellent conceptualization. This model pertains the turnover is a sequential process consisting of three steps. This model suggests that employees follow a method for the turnover. According to this model the initial expectation of the job creates a employee attitude regarding their job. These job attitude influences many dimensions of employee perception and behaviors, including job performance and views of the company. The poor performance attitude of the employees can also trigger the intention to leave, which in turn influences the turnover at least two ways. It may lead to actual turnover decision without any looking after any job alternatives, or it may lead to employees searching for the alternative employment. It is found that if the employees are considering few alternative then the employee is less likely to quit the organization. Conversely if the employees are able to quit the job through finding alternative ways then the probability of turnover is remarkably increased.(Steers and ,Mowday 1981). Age and Turnover As this research is pertaining to the turnover in among this BPO industry, the demographic factors such as age and sex have extreme importance. In the field of the turnover research the age and the organizational tenure are widely used as predictors of the turnover (Van Breuklen, et al 2004). A number of research shows that these demographic variables are negatively correlated with the voluntary turnover. This shows older employees are less tempted to voluntary turnover than the young employees and employees with long employment history is less likely to turnover than the employees with relatively short period of employment service(Sturges and Guest 2001). They have also mentioned that the first year of the employment is crucial than the other and if the employer is able to retain their recruits for any substantial length of time. This shows the importance of the satisfaction of the employees in the first year in the work related aspects. When discussing the behavior and turnover intentions of the young employees, It must be also consider that the young professional may be subjected to a rather atypical occupational status and they might be in a unique situation as they do not want to follow the same path of the other employee groups (Rouse 2001).According to Niederman (2007) the information technology related professional often use internet as a tool for seeking opportunities with a minimum effort and the employees try to keep in touch with the potential employers resulting an efficient way of job search with minimal effort and time. Niederman also mentioned that if the response rate from the employers is high then the turnover rate will also be high. Niederman concludes that Theoretically, this implies that a significant number of these [turnover] decisions are likely to involve some consideration of alternatives even without dissatisfaction. Thus, we propose that satisfied IT related professionalsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ regularly scan the labor market for even better jobs in terms of career opportunities, compensation, and other attributes. Then, when such jobs are found or otherwise present themselves, many professionals will often compare and accept the new job if it is judged better. (p. 336). Author Coff.( 1997) as cited by David A Foote (2004) examines employees job perceptions with regard to capacity of changing or leaving jobs and focuses on the assimilation and management of human assets. Suppose in order to reduce turnover firms must either increase employees positive perceptions of their current jobs or decrease their positive perceptions of alternative jobs.Steer Modway (1981) as cited by Robert et al, (2005) suggest that lower performing employees have an increased interest in voluntarily leaving an organisation, since they gain little job satisfaction from operating within their work environment. According to Sager et al, (1998),Fox Fallon,(2003) as cited by Everd et al,( 2007) turnover is seen as a mental division intervening between an individuals attitude regarding a job and the stay or leave division and that can be regarded as an immediate antecedent to stay, or leave INFLUENTIAL FACTORS It is to be noted that what can be done on retaining the employees in the long run of the organization. To answer this question it should be taken in to consideration those different domains of the influential factors in their choice between staying with the organization and leaving the organization. High turnover rate can be seen as the employees been dissatisfied or job related issues mainly due to the problems in the organizational side or employer side. Many research have been done to identify the factors influencing these perceptions and within these researches it has been found that the reasons are multidimensional, and it is difficult to explain the turnover with one factor. The following section presents the different factors of the employee turnover. Job satisfaction: There are many factors of that come out of the employee turnover research, and the most important one standing in top of the priority is the employee satisfaction. However this accounting for the factors creating this satisfaction is not entirely unproblematic. Job satisfaction is account to be one of the most important variable to be looked when measuring the employee turnover. Nonetheless, it is important to explicitly define the term. Oshagbemi(1999) defined the term job satisfaction as follows In generalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, job satisfaction refers to an individuals positive emotional reactions to a particular job. It is an affective reaction to a job that results from the persons comparison of actual outcomes with those that are desired, anticipated or deserved. (p. 388) The job satisfaction has been analyzed in many perspectives in this literature. Job satisfaction is the often regarded as the attitudinal outcome of the numerous antecedents. To reflect the term several constructs have been analyzed. It is found that the group culture of the organization is largely depend on the job satisfaction (Moynihan and Pandey, 2007). According to Ting (1997) the relationship between the group members and supervisors are positively correlated with the job satisfaction. Kim (2002) showed that a positive relationship between the participatory management style and job satisfaction exists among the employees. According to Ellickson (2002), the evidence for the notion that departmental pride significantly and positively predicts job satisfaction, while Steijn (2004) in turn found that the organizational climate was important for predicting job satisfaction. Whether or not employees perceive that what they are doing is worthwhile, sometimes dubbed as their sense of o rganizational purpose, was recognized by Moynihan and Pandey (2007) as important for job satisfaction. On a closely related note, employee feelings of role or task clarity, generated by their organization making it clear to them what they are expected to do, is suggested to be linked to both employee job satisfactions. Whether or not the employees feel what they are doing is worthwhile is recognized by Pandey and Moynihan as important for creating the job satisfaction. On a close analysis of the employees perception of the organizational clarity of the message to be done by them is more closely related to the employee turnover and satisfaction (Allen 2006;Kowtha 2008). Hedlund (2004) mentioned that employees find the other job attractive if they able to distinguish their performance and the results out of it. According to Mynard (2006), the employees view of underutilization of their skills are negatively correlated with job satisfaction and positively correlate to the turnover intentions. Heduland (2004) found relation between the possibility of the mentally stimulating jobs appear to be important for the employee perception of their jobs. According to March Simon (1958) the exposure of employees to alternative employers affects the ease of movement. Employees present in different networking acti vities have an increased visibility and evidence have been found that these employees with larger external connections had a shorter duration of group membership. When involved in networking activities, one becomes more aware of work alternatives and working conditions in other organizations. Employees with wider contact networks are then more likely to evaluate external alternatives, and potentially leave the company. (Allen Griffeth, 1999). As said before the demographic variable such as age and the employment period have been the subject of the many researches and Ting (1997) found a positive relationship between the age and the job satisfaction. A research conducted by Ting(1997) suggests that there is a generation gap between the old employees and the young ones. The old employees seem to be more committed towards their jobs and they seem likely to be satisfied with their work (Moynihan and Pandey 2007). Hence the length of the employment is similar to the age in finding the job can correlate with job satisfaction (Kim 2002). A large number of researches on the occupational and organizational research has shown that the relationship between the job satisfaction and the employee turnover and intentions. Hom and Kinicki(2001) has investigated the field of employee job dissatisfaction, they come across a casual sequence in which the dissatisfaction start to cause turnover through a set of mediating factors such as turnover cognitions. A notable relationship has been found between the job satisfaction in mediating the relationship between perceived organizational support and turnover (Allen 2007). Organizational commitment: Organisational commitment plays an important role in the mindset of the employees when it comes to turnover decision. Committed employees usually have good attendance history and stay with the company in the long run as compared with the non-committed employees (Kline Peters 1991; Mowday et al. 1982; Somers 1995). There are lot more construct to the organizational commitment, the construction of the organizational commitment is evolved from the job related behavior like absenteeism, voluntary employee turnover, job satisfaction, job involvement, performance and supervisor behavior (Finegan 2000). One of the important way to build the organizational commitment is to implement a suitable organizational culture giving values and everybody in the organization is informed with organizational mission. According to Arthur (1994) there should be a strong human resource policies to build the organizational commitment instead of controlling the voluntary turnover and high productivity. These high HR management practices are distributed among the employees and portrayed by the use of information distribution. Problem solving , reduces status difference, training and development of the employees as valuable resource rather than treating them like a disposable factor of production(Wood and de Menezes 1998). The Human resource and management of the organization must try to recruit the employees with more commitment, for this the recruitment officer should concentrate in identifying the commitment factors. It is not possible to measure commitment in each of the employees but it is possible to measure and analyze the organizational commitment of the employees as a whole. The expected outcome of the employee training is the low voluntary turnover and high productivity. Greenhalgh and Mavrots mentioned that it is difficult to measure the return on investment on the human capital as the retention and period of retention but there is evidence of an inverse relationship between la bour turnover and extent of Human resource department. There are three factors of organizational commitment such as 1) Affective, 2) Continuance, 3) Normative. Meyer and Allen (1991) Affective: Affective commitment explains employee emotional attachment and identification with and involvement in the organization. In this type of commitment employees really want to stay with existing employer. Continuance: Continuance commitment refers to employee awareness regarding cost attached with leaving the organization. People dont willing to resignation because they need to stay due to certain reasons. Normative: This commitment shows a feeling of obligation to continue working in the same organization. People stay in this case because they feel that they have to stay. Above all affective commitment has mostly studied and thorough researched topic due to consistent relationship with organizational outcomes like performance, attendance and employee retention (Meyer and Allen 1997). Few studies on turnover have advocated the need to consider both individual and organisational factors in making predictions about employee attitudes and related behaviour, Porter, L.W.Steeds (1973) as cited by Rachid (1994) from the above statement it can be assumed that most of the employee turnover decisions are made basing on the individual factors and further more research by Barbara et al.,(2005) states that factors influence employee turnover by numerous internal factors and also by external factors. Overall if you see both organisations and the labour market change continue at an alarming pace. As far as the external factors are concerned, most people will leave their present work if they perceive that there are ample opportunities for acceptable alternative employers. And if we take internal factors it could be job security, independence: to do things in employees own way, unpleasant working conditions etc. Some past studies have postulated and identified different variables as being associated with turnover, satisfaction, commitment and intention to quit, have generally been accepted as important antecedents to turnover. Actual turnover is expected to increase as the intention increases and career factors are not related to turnover when turnover intention is held constant Mobley et al, (1978) as cited by Barbara et al. (2005). Turnover Birgit et al. (2007) intention can also be seen as a positive phenomenon from the employee point of view. In addition to reasons such as having received a better job offer with respect to material (for eg. benefits). Turnover intension can be a response to the need to adopt to the changing labour market, which requires more and more flexibility on the employers part Hall (1996); Van Dam (2003). As cited by Birgit et al (2007). In some cases turnover is caused basing on works repeatedness like Guests, R.H.(1955) as cited by Rachid (1994) early comparative study of assembly and non-assembly workers to reaction to the jobs suggests that the greater job-repetitiveness led to increased turnover. And for instance Guests study appears that potential moderating have been ignored which affects that personality variables may have no such impact. Work Environment / Supervisor Behavior Working condition has an important role in the job satisfaction and organizational commitment among the employees. The work environment includes the all the facilities and features for employees (Dawson 1986). Supervisor behavior and related views of the employees have a direct impact on the employee turnover regardless of the views on the management and attitude itself, emphasizing the importance of relationship with their supervisors or leaders.(Maertz at al 2007). However the influence of the of the supervisors communication are not limited to a specific supervisor. But it can be taken in other way as well, since supervisors are often seen by the employees as representatives of the organization and their behaviors can influence the employees perception of the organization as a whole.(Van Vuuren et al 2007). Employees normally keeps a common beliefs about to what extent the organization values their contributions and cares about their well being. These believes of the employees are commonly referred as the employees perceived organizational support (Hutchison and Sowa 1986). The organizational support theory states that the relationship between the employees and the organization can be made firm through exchange of some positive outcomes. This means if an employee is receiving favorable treatment from the organization then the individual is committed to return this by avoiding behaviors that would harm the organization. This can be viewed as an employee with high level of perceived organizational support will view the things that are harmful to the organization as a violation to the relationship with the organization. Such employees will try to remain in their work and perform their responsibilities as an obligatory way (Eisenberger at al 1986). Eisenberger (1986) found an inverse correlation between perceived organizational support and voluntary withdrawal signs such as absenteeism and tardiness. A recent study conducted by him concluded that When individuals feels that their organization cares about their well-being and values their contributions, they are less likely to remain from their usual work obligations, even when such behaviors are encouraged through the high levels of withdrawal displayed by coworkers (Eder Eisenberger). Employees perceptions of support from the organization are vital not only for inducing or reducing general withdrawal behavior, but also with regards to turnover. Lots of recent studies have found significant relationships between perception of the organizational support and turnover intentions (Allen et al., 2003) or actual turnover ( Eisenberger, et al., 2007). These findings reveal that Perceived organizational support may have a more broad effect on turnover than historically in the past tho ught, as highlighted by Maertz Jr. et al. (2007) who pointed out that perceived organizational support can influence turnover cognitions and behavior through other mechanisms besides improving global affect-loaded work attitudes. Specifically, perceived organizational support can generate obligations in the worker to reciprocate through remaining with the organization. These obligations to stay may cause a worker to have fewer turnover cognitions and dismiss them more quickly. Employees perceptions of organizational and supervisory support and communication influence numerous other attitudes and outcomes apart from withdrawal behaviors and turnover. One of these other outcomes is organizational dedication. This term is lacking a uniform definition, but usually organizational dedication can be defined usually as a psychological link between the worker and his or her organization that makes it less likely that the worker will voluntarily leave the organization (Allen Meyer, 1996). In the earlier literatures (Reichers, 1985) the organization recognizes two dimensions of commitment, one is called attitudinal commitment and the other is called behavioral commitment. The attitudinal commitment focuses on the acceptance of the organization goals and attitudes on the employees and a strong desire to be a part of the team or organization. Thus this employee will be more attached to the organization. the behavioral commitment focuses on the continuing membership and compliance to the company rules. The behavior commitment keeps the employ to be committed to certain course of action rather than the organization itself (Reichers 1985). According to brown(1996) the two concepts of commitment can be merged in to a single one. according to him, Commitment to a particular entity is a distinct phenomenon, albeit a complex one, that may differ depending upon how certain factors, pertinent to all commitments, are perceived and evaluated by an individual (Brown 1996, p.232). It is to be noted that the concept of commitment is the multidimensional construct and the antecedents, correlates and the correlates, and consequences of commitment may vary across these interrelated dimensions. Because of this there are a number of models on this subject. Allan and Mayer (1990) provided a much more familiar construct on the organizational commitment, he mentioned three attitude related topics related to the concept of organizational commitment. These are desire, perceived costs and obligation. Each of these topics corresponds to a component in a three-dimensional model of commitment. The model contains the following components Affective commitment refers to an employees positive emotional attachment to, identification with, and involvement in the organization. The affectively committed individual identifies with the goals of the organization, and desires to remain a part of the organization. Employees with strong affective commitment remain with an organization because they want to, and because they like the organization. Continuance commitment is based on the costs that the employee associates with leaving the organization. An individual thus have strong continuance commitment if they perceive that high economic or social costs would result from losing organizational membership. These employees remain with an organization because they feel that they would not be able to get a better job elsewhere. Normative commitment refers to the employees feelings of obligation to remain with the organization. The normatively committed individual remains with an organization because of feelings of debt, and stay out of a sense of loyalty. (Allen Meyer, 1990). Apart from looking what organizational commitment means as a construct, it is important to discuss what the causes are leading in to it. Eisenberg et al (1986) mentioned that if the company want their employees to be committed then they must give supportive work environment as a means of mutual commitment. This is similar to the Rousseaus statement. He mentioned that in order to strengthen the bond between the employees and employers the employers must reinforce the perception of the employees and the employers should demonstrate the care, support and concern over the employee well being (Rousseau 1998). It is observed in many researches that the existence of a well supported supervision and communication can assist increase the organizational commitment among employees (Gaertner et al 1999). Also it has been found in one of the research is that employee perception of the organizational support have a similar effect; showing a strong positive relationship between the perceived organi zational satisfaction and organizational commitment.(Mayer and Stanley 2002). Rhoades and Eisenberger (2002) noted in a large review of perceived organizational support research that employees with high levels of perceived organizational support were not only reported as being more invested in their organization and demonstrating increased affective organizational commitment; they were also reported to view their jobs more optimistically and to demonstrate increased levels of job satisfaction The field of organizational commitment has been the study subject for many in the last few years. It is analyzed not only as the predictor of outcomes such as turnover, intention to leave, job satisfaction, job involvement, work motivation, absenteeism, and performance (Labatmediene et al., 2007). Earlier research consistently show that individuals highly committed to their organization are less likely to leave it, implying that it is possible for employers to retain employees by increasing levels of organizational commitment. (Tremblay, 2000; Buck Watson, 2002; Vandenberghe Tremblay, 2008). The impact of organizational commitment on turnover intentions is suggested to be stronger among employees in the early years of their careers, while their commitment is still being developed (Sturges Guest, 2001). Regardless of how the employees perceive the organization there are additional aspects about the supervisors and general working situations. Maertz and Griffeth (2004) mentioned different motivational aspects involved in the turnover decisions, including calculative forces which are described below. Rational calculation of the probability of attaining important values and goals in the future through continued membership. Favorable calculation of future value/goal attainment at the current organization motivates staying. Unfavorable calculation of future value/goal attainment motivates quitting. (Maertz Jr. Griffeth, 2004, p. 669) The calculative forces are based on rational self interest. And can be the outcome of the many different types of goals. An individual would like to spend more time with his family or residence (Maertz Jr. Griffeth, 2004). An employees long term and short term goals can lead to the employee turnover. Because of the possibility of such goals, an employees reluctance to stay with his or her employer does not depend only upon the qualities of the employing organization: Situations may exist in which an employee would not wish to remain with his or her employer regardless of any actions taken by said employer. According to Aronsson et al. (2000) locked-in employees remain in an unwanted employment because of situations are outside their control, and emphasize the impact of a weak labor market. This is in accordance with Maertz Jr. and Griffeth (2004) who used the term alternative forces to describe the turnover motivating mechanism that concerns an employees self-efficacy beliefs about alternative jobs or roles. Berntson (2008) found several aspects to be positively conne

Uk Student Life

.. was a great way to introduce the various groups that are available to students on campus. The Center for Community Outreach (CCO) includes programs to get students involved in the community through volunteering and educating others about today’s issues. The Student Activities Board (SAB) provides students with events like concerts, cheap movie nights, and homecoming events, which I cannot wait for. Greek life is very large on campus and seems like a lot of work. Intramurals and club sport allows student to stay in athletics even if they’re not Division 1 material. If a student feels overwhelmed by the variety of organizations, the Center for Student Involvement (CSI) helps find an organization that fits them the best. Athletics are a huge part of the University of Kentucky’s identity. Men’s basketball is the most anticipated season. The new head coach, John Calipari, is sure to help out the program and top recruits from around the nation are ready to put in work. The only sports you have to pay to get in are Men’s basketball and football. All the rest of the sporting events are free with student id. Living on campus is not bad at all; there are a variety of different locations to live in and places to eat, but it is better to be closer to all of your classrooms or where have to go often. Being on campus is very safe because UK Alert, the emergency notification system, notifies you about safety issues, and if UK is closed, closing early, or on delay.

Black Swan Green Letter to a Poet

Through reading excerpts from Letters to a Young Poet by Rainer Maria Rilke and Black Swan Green by David Mitchell, Rilke's counsel to the young poet applies greatly to the main character in David Mitchell's story, Jason Taylor. Both of the works are to poets from someone who is giving advice, however, Jason Taylor does not seek advice, while the young poet does. The advice given to the poets is similar and helpful to their cause.In Rilke's letter to the young poet, Rilke tells the poet that his poetry must be unique in style and words, â€Å"Don't write love poems; avoid those forms that re too facile and ordinary: they are the hardest to work with, and it takes a great, fully ripened power to create something individual†¦ â€Å"( from Letters to a Young Poet 34-36). This advice applies to Jason because Jason tries to make his poetry â€Å"pretty' with beautiful words to try and make them better. â€Å"Beautiful words ruin your poetry.A touch of beauty enhances a dish, but you throw a hill of it into the pot! † (Black Swan Green p. 147). Rilke's advice that beauty is within him and surrounding him by nature also applies to this. Instead of using beautiful words, work from things in nature, â€Å"For the creator must be a world for himself and must find everything in himself and in Nature.. † (LTAYP 6162) Rilke explains to the young poet in his letters that you need to be yourself in your poetry and bring yourself into it. If you're everyday life seems poor, don't blame it; blame yourself; admit to yourself that you are not enough of a poet to call forth its riches.. † (LTAYP 41-43). This advice to be yourself and find things within your life is advice that also applies to Jason Taylor. Jason already expresses ome emotion in his poetry, but he hides behind a pseudonym. Rilke's advice of being yourself in your poetry would assist Jason. By putting his real name on his poems and becoming more personal, his poetry will become better.Oth er advice Rilke gives to the young poet is that in order to write good poetry, you need to find yourself and work of experiences, for the things that you have dealt with personally, make better poetry. Rilke also says that someone's best piece of art comes from when they were lowest in life in a dark place, like if you were placed in prison. This is ecause you still have all your experiences and childhood and your home is always within you, therefore, you'll always be able to find the inspiration within yourself to write great poetry. â€Å"†¦ ecause for the creator there is no poverty and no poor, indifferent place. And even if you found yourself in some prison, whose walls let in non of the world's sound -wouldn't you still have your childhood, that Jewel beyond all price, that treasure house of memories? Turn your attention to it. Try to raise up the sunken feelings of this enormous past; your personality will grow stronger, your olitude will expand and become a place where you can live in the twilight, where the noise of other people pass by, far in the distance† (LTAYP 43-50).This advice applies to Jason and his writing because Jason needs to work on being himself in his poetry, being honest, and finding inspiration to make his poetry better. Rilke using words such as ‘price, treasure, riches, and Jewel' to show how important one's own childhood and memories are. This is important to Jason because he is still in his childhood so he could make a beautiful work of art out of these years. To Jason, these ut his peers won't accept him if they found out about his poetry or his stammer.Rilke would tell him that in this moment of life, if he was true and honest, his best poetry would form. Rilke most important piece of advice that would apply to Jason is his emphasis's that writing poetry needs to be something more than what you want to do, but instead writing should be something a poet needs to do, â€Å"Go into yourself. Find out the reason that commands you to write; see whether it has spread roots into the very depths of your heart; confess to yourself whether you would have to die if ou were forbidden to write.This is most important of all: ask yourself in the most silent hour of the night: must I write? † (LTAYP 24 – 28). This is important to Jason and his writing because Jason is embarrassed about his writing and hides behind a misnomer. If Jason realizes he MUST write, he needs to be true and start putting ‘Jason Taylor' on his poems instead of ‘Elliot Bolivar'. If he looks within himself and realizes he doesn't have to write and he could live on without, Rilke suggests to â€Å"renounce becoming a poet† (LTAYP 64).Jason uses his poetry because he does not tammer and â€Å"Hangman† does not come out in his writing, but if he can live without it, Rilke would tell him to set down the pencil. Jason Taylor would find Rilke's advice and mentoring very beneficial. In Black Swan Gr een, Jason get's similar advice from Madame Crommelynck but I think Rilke's advice would have helped Jason more. Main pieces of advice that would help Jason are that he needs to be true and himself and fgure out if he needs to write, and to remember, that no matter where he is in life, his home and inspiration is within him. He will always have what he needs to write inside of him.

Persuasive Essay On Gay Adoption - 1643 Words

Homosexuality- defined as being sexually attracted to one’s own gender- has incessantly been a compelling social issue. A majority of society sees the ‘wrong’ sexual orientation as evil or unhuman, regardless of character content. In April 1952, the American Psychiatric Association even labeled homosexuality as a mental disorder. Today, same sex relationships have been normalized and live life as ordinary people, yet treated as second-class citizens. This treatment by society has significantly limited the basic human rights of these individuals, including parenthood. Should LGBTQ+ be able to adopt children? Do gay parents and guardians effect children negatively? Adoption is a lengthy process of legally accepting†¦show more content†¦This data distinctly proves that turmoil can occur in any relationship. These statistics also debunk the myths of gay marriages contributing to high divorce and disturbance rates. Now, since we understand the context of same sex relationships, why is gay parenting being questioned? Homosexuality dates to pre biblical times, so why same sex relationships are still scrutinized? Does society see same sex adoption as defective because they abhor the same sex relationship? Advanced studies suggest that people ignore the facts and numbers of gay parenting, and instead look at LGBTQ+ members raising children as a moral issue. Multiple studies, such as those done by the US National Library of Medicine and Boston University, show that children raised by gay parents have no true advantages or disadvantages. Child performance wholly based on genetics and environmental factors around the child. To understand the parenthood options, let us study the demographics. Twelve percent of parent choose to abort, 2.5 percent of parents choose to have adoptions, and 61.5 percent raise their biological children. Twenty-four percent die during pregnancy or within the first four years (CDC, 2017). Today, many adoption agencies do not dictate the adopter’s social status or wealth (Brodzinsky Pinderhughes, 2007). AsShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Gay Adoption705 Words   |  3 Pagesaccepted that even gay marriage have been accepted, and it is now legal in thirteen states. So why shouldn’t gay adoptions be legalize too? A child raised by a same sex couple can be just as normal as any other child. Gay couples should have the same rights as heterosexual couples have in adoption. Adoption can do many good things for people, which include giving gay couples the opportunity to parent, and taking children out of bad situations and providing them with good homes. Gay couples should notRead MorePersuasive Essay About Gay Adoption1639 Words   |  7 PagesWhat do these words have in common? They don’t describe gay adoption. The common misconceptualization that gay people get to choose their sexuality is false, so why should parents who were born with a different sexuality be scorned for w anting to adopt? Most people agree with the statement that children deserve to live in a home with a loving family rather than be stuck in an orphanage until they’re old enough to live alone. Same sex adoption has success stories, studies, and statistics that backRead MoreThe Same Sex Marriage Should Be Equal Rights1393 Words   |  6 PagesAnother persuasive data is the constitutions which is based on the civil rights protection and ensure that each citizens has the right to participate in public social life. According to records, there are plenty of international civil rights declaration documents consider marriage and family as individuals or groups who are entitled to the protection of the government as human beings.† The US Supreme Court ruled by a 5-to-4 vote on Friday that constitution guarantees a right to homosexual marriageRead More Equal Rights for ALL Americans Essay2293 Words   |  10 Pagesthe belief that all Americans should be granted equal rights no matter what their skin color or cultural background. Granting gays the right to marry would simply be giving all people equal rights in the issue of marriage. When it comes to the issue of gay marriage, Americans have many different views. Research shows that the majority of Americans oppose gay marriage, but when it comes to deciding who should make the laws, Americans are split in half (Bayles 6). 48% of Americans saidRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesPHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright  © 2010 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2010 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Essays on twentieth century history / edited by Michael Peter Adas for the American Historical Association. p. cm.—(Critical perspectives on the past) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-4399-0269-1 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0270-7Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesThey are experts who know things other people do not and are just doing what has to be done. Thus, managerial prerogative – management’s right to manage together with the power and social standing that accompanies it – is morally supported by a persuasive claim to an expertise grounded in superior scientific knowledge. In turn, this knowledge depends upon the philosophical assumption (Figure 1.7) that such neutral access to reality is actually possible in the first place. So, as we noted earlierRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication 341 †¢ Nonverbal Communication 341 Organizational Communication 342 Formal Small-Group Networks 343 †¢ The Grapevine 343 †¢ Electronic Communications 345 †¢ Manag ing Information 349 Choice of Communication Channel 350 xiv CONTENTS Persuasive Communications 351 Automatic and Controlled Processing 351 †¢ Interest Level 352 †¢ Prior Knowledge 352 †¢ Personality 352 †¢ Message Characteristics 352 Barriers to Effective Communication 353 Filtering 353 †¢ Selective Perception 353 †¢ InformationRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesalmost any worker to put forth more effort. 26. a. In the long run, people can improve this country’s economic strength through responsible action. b. The economic health of this country is largely beyond the control of individuals. 27. a. I am persuasive when I know I’m right. b. I can persuade most people even when I’m not sure I’m right. 28. a. I tend to plan ahead and generate steps to accomplish the goals that I have set. b. I seldom plan ahead because things generally turn out OK anyway. 29